Revise Music

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Remember to revise the 4 Areas of Study (AOS)
Always look at how many marks the question is worth to know the minimum examples to give (6 marks = at least 6 different answers)

AOS 2 - The Concerto Through Time Revise the basic musical features of the 3 main classical periods; > Baroque > Classical > Romantic And revise how the concerto developed and changed throughout these 3 periods.
AOS 3 - Rhythms of the World
Learn the music features, the rhythmical features and the traditional instruments of the
following styles of music from around the world:
> African music and African drumming
> Traditional Eastern Mediterranean and Middle Eastern Folk Music ‐ Greek, Palestinian and Israeli
> Indian classical music and Punjabi rhythms ‐ Raga and Bhangra
> Rhythms of the Americas ‐ Samba and Calypso
AOS 4 - Film Music Practice your long answer questions by listening to the following film and video game composers, considering how they have used the music to portray and emotion or image; Film music - John Williams, James Horner, Hans Zimmer and Jerry Goldsmith Video Game music - Koji Kondo, Michael Glachino and Mieko Ihsikawa

Make sure you use musical reasoning when justifying your answers.
Use the elements of music to help: Tempo (fast and slow) Dynamics (loud and soft Pitch (high and low) Articulation (staccato/legato) Texture (thick and thin) Timbre (tone quality
Other things to listen for: Instruments Melody Rhythm Harmony Tonality Structure
Classical music which has been used in films; - Rachmaninov’s ‘2nd Piano concerto’ was used in Brief Encounter. - Wagner’s ‘Ride of the Valkyrie’ was used in Apocalypse Now. - Tchaikovsky’s ‘Swan Lake’ theme was used in 1931 was a Dracula film
AOS 5 –Conventions of Pop Revise the musical features of the following genres of Pop we have studied; > Rock n’ Roll of the 1950s and 1960s > Rock Anthems of the 1970s and 1980s > Pop ballads of the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s > Solo artists from the 1990s to the present day For each, you must revise the main artists from these genres such as; > Rock n’ Roll of the 50s and 60s - The Beatles, The Beach boys, Buddy Holly > Rock Anthems of the 70s and 80s - Led Zeppelin, Black Sabbath, Bon Jovi > Pop ballads of the 70s, 80s and 90s - Lionel Richie, Celine Dion, Elton John > Solo artists from the 90s to the present day - Adele, Robbie Williams, Justin Bieber, Beyonce, Taylor Swift

As well as the Areas of Study, ensure you revise the musical elements and
the musical devices studied this year.
Rhythm & Metre
 Pulse
 Tempo—how to work out the beats per minute (bpm)
 Tempo - Presto, Vivace, Allegro, Moderato, Adagio, Andante, Largo
 Time Signatures 4/4, 3/4, 6/8, 9/8, 12/8, 7/8, 10/8
 Note lengths—Crotchets, Minims, Quaver, Semi Quaver, Demisemiquaver, Semi Breve, Dotted Crotchet, Dotted quaver
 Rhythmic patterns—Polyrhythm, Syncopation, Triplets
 Duration of notes—long and short notes
Harmony & Tonality
 Chords - Tonic (I), Subdominant (IV), Dominant (V) and Dominant 7th.
 Triads
 Cadences - Perfect, Imperfect, Plagal, Interrupted
 Pedal note or Drone
 Consonant and Dissonant Chords
 Open Fifths chords
 Tonality - Tonal, Atonal, Modal
 Major and Minor scales
 Modes
Texture & Melody Texture -
 Single melody line (monophonic)
 Homophonic
 Contrapuntal/Polyphonic
 Melody & Accompaniment (homophonic)
 Imitative
 Canonic
 Octaves
 Unison Melody -
 Diatonic and Chromatic Scales
 Conjunct and Disjunct melodies
 Pentatonic Scales
 Block chords/Broken chords (arpeggios)
 Ostinato
 Sequence
 Repetition
 Arch Shape
 Ornaments - trills, glissando, acciaccatura, appoggiatura, vibrato, tremelo 

Timbre & Dynamics

Learn the instruments in all the families of instruments and be able to recognise the instrument and the way it is being played;
 String – Arco (con arco) Pizzicato, Tremalo
 Brass - Slurred notes, Tongued notes, con sordino (muted), Glissando
 Woodwind - Slurred notes, Tongued notes
 Percussion - Drum Fills
 Keyboard instruments
 Voice - Falsetto, Vibrato, Melisma Digital effects -
 Reverb
 Delay
 Distortion Dynamics -
 Fortissimo (ff)
 Forte (f)
 Mezzoforte (mf)
 Mezzopiano (mp)
 Piano (p)
 Pianissimo (pp)
 Sforzando (sfz)
 Crescendo
 Diminuendo
Structure & Form
 Binary Form
 Ternary Form
 Rondo Form
 Variation Form
 12 Bar Blues
 Call and Response
 Strophic Form
 Popular music form
 Sonata Form
 The Concerto
 The Fugue
 Minuet